Abstract: According to the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Communist Party of China Central Committee and the Central Poverty Alleviation and Development Work Conference, all the rural poor people should be lifted out of poverty by 2020. Tibet is the only provincial area with a high concentration of poor population, with 590,000 people registered as poor residents. A regional poverty alleviation meeting was held on February 2 this year, during which Chen Quanguo, the Communist Party Chief of the Tibet Autonomous Region and Losang Jamcan, the chairman of Tibet, made thorough arrangements, and decided that 238,000 people should be lifted out of poverty through developing industries, constituting 40.34% of the kind.

In line with the arrangement and to ensure the accomplishment of the task of poverty alleviation, the Tibetan Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Department comes up with the following measures:

Stick to "two elements" and "four principles" in poverty relief. "Two elements" means that industry-based poverty relief should have two prerequisite elements, namely, labor force and resources. "Four principles" means poverty relief work should follow four principles: First, act according to local conditions and set specific measures; second, the work should be government-led and market-oriented; third, carry out the work with people‘s own effort; and fourth, carry out poverty relief work in a coordinated way.

Carry out a "1+N" model in the means of poverty relief. "1" means keeping close watch on the poor population, as developing industries is only the means, not the end, of poverty relief work. "N" means that all the measures -- including policy, capital, credit, projects, and "internet plus" -- should serve industry-based poverty relief work to ensure that the registered 238,000 residents be lifted out of poverty.

I. Develop industries with local advantages based on rich resources

The unique natural and cultural environment in Tibet has nurtured unique industries with local advantages. In recent years, with the economic strategies of the regional party committee and government, industries such as agriculture and animal husbandry, green food and drinks, handicraft, Tibetan medicine, and tourism have flourished; the development of industries such as planting or breeding of highland barley, yak, Tibetan sheep, goat, pigs and chicken have accelerated. All these have benefitted 1.756 million people, increasing the average income of each household by 3305 yuan and each person by 749 yuan. The production capacity of natural drinking water reached 3 million tons, and it is still increasing and making inroads into the national market. Tibetan medicine, handicraft, and food and drinks develop faster than before. Tibet is more and more known as the "holy land on earth," "green Tibet," and "pure land of health," gradually transforming the advantages in resources to advantages in products and economy. The development of such industries has increased the income of farmers and herdsmen. The per capita disposable income of rural residents reached 8244 yuan in 2015, an increase of 12.0% from the year before. Industries of local advantages have become a major boost to rural residents‘ income.

II. Set specific measures to accomplish the task of poverty relief

According to the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Communist Party of China Central Committee and the Central Poverty Alleviation and Development Work Conference, all the rural poor people should be lifted out of poverty by 2020. Tibet is the only provincial area with a high concentration of poor population, with 590,000 people registered as poor residents. 238,000 people, constituting 40.34% of the entire poor population, should be lifted out of poverty through developing industries. To ensure the accomplishments of the tasks, a number of plans have been drafted, including "2016 Guidelines on Industry-Based Poverty Relief in Tibet," "Implementation Plans for Industry-Based Poverty Relief in Tibet," and "2016 Regulations on Poverty Relief-Related Fund Programs in Tibet." Now we are formulating the "Industry-Based Poverty Relief Plan during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan Period" on the regional, city, and county level.

We will stick to the "two elements" and "four principles" in poverty relief. "Two elements" means that industry-based poverty relief should have two prerequisite elements, namely, labor force and resources. If a place lacks both labor and resources, we should not carry out the industry-based poverty relief work, but instead try other ways such as relocation, developing education, ecological compensation and relying on social security. "Four principles" means poverty relief work should follow four principles. First, act according to local conditions and set specific measures. We have to take into account such elements as the resources, existing industries, and geographical advantages to identify the directions and focus of developing certain industries in the area. We need to set specific measures that fit into the conditions of the place to ensure the income of poor residents be raised through developing industries. Second, the poverty relief work should be government-led and market-oriented. The government should play a leading role and focuses on ensuring that poor residents benefit from industrial development. The development of industries should be market-oriented and goes in line with market and industrial rules. Third, we should carry out the work with people‘s own effort. We should unlock the potentials of various local industries, and build various industrial development models. We should also educate farmers and herdsmen, transforming their outdated ideas and leading them to join in industrial development. Fourth, we ought to carry out poverty relief work in a coordinated and golden mean. We will follow the requirements proposed by Tibetan party secretary Chen Quanguo, and integrate industry-based poverty alleviation work with the construction of the new countryside, new type of urbanization and industrial bases. We will also stick to the ideas of sustainable development, adjust industrial projects to local environment, never approve projects that will hurt resources and the environment, and refrain from the deviated path of ―first pollution then control.‖

As to the means of industry-based poverty alleviation, we should grasp the general requirement and key tasks. We come up with the "1+N" model: "1" means keeping close watch on the poor population, as developing industries is only the means, not the end, of poverty relief work. "N" means that all the measures -- including policy, capital, credit, projects, and "internet plus" -- should serve industry-based poverty relief work to ensure that the registered 238,000 residents be lifted out of poverty. We should make sure we‘ve identified accurately the poor people, the project arrangement, the use of capital, the specific measures, the relief work arrangement, and the achievement of such work. We need also make sure all the following eight things are well done: policy guarantee, capital investment, industrial development, project arrangement, public service, social support, aid, and citizen participation.

III. Create new working mechanism and realize the goal of a moderately prosperous society

According to the 6th Tibet Work Forum and the regional poverty alleviation work, Tibet, along with the rest of China, will build a moderately prosperous society. The key to realize the goal is poverty alleviation, and the difficult part lies in lifting all people out of poverty. We should follow the ideas of "innovation, coordination, environment-friendly, openness, sharing" proposed at the , prioritize poverty alleviation during the thirteenth five-year plan period, implement the targeted poverty alleviation strategy, create new working mechanism, and raise the income of the poor population.

First, we should improve the operation system and production means of agriculture and husbandry, accelerate their structural transformation, strengthen technological service, and develop agriculture and husbandry on a moderate scale. We should also let the poor population join in the construction of the highland industrial bases of agriculture, husbandry, and forestry, and increase their production efficiency.We should nurture a cooperation model of "company + professional cooperation association + poor residents" as well as other ways such as joint stock partnership and purchasing order cooperation. We need to find how the industrial projects best helps with raising poor residents‘ income, and guide the cooperation between poor residents themselves, between poor residents and average farmers, and between poor residents and business owners. We should build a mechanism where the poor population can benefit from industrial development and gradually increase their net business income.

Second, we should ramp up efforts in employment transfer training and industrial training, in order to improve poor residents‘ skills. We should facilitate the transfer of excessive labor force in farming and stockbreeding areas to other occupations and broaden the channels for income raise. We should also promote the integration of the farming, industrial, and service sectors, help poor residents start their own businesses and raise their wage earnings.

Third, we ought to implement all the policies that are aimed at helping farmers, especially the compensation and subsidy mechanism regarding the protection of grassland ecology, and increase transferable income.

Fourth, we should also deepen reforms in the countryside, speed up our work in the identification and accreditation of arable land, residential land, and collective land, release the vitality of the rural area, make good use of capital in the countryside, and increase property income.

(Dunji, Party member and vice director of the Tibetan Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Department)