“What is religious freedom? Is there a definition for it? Who has the right to define it? The world does not have a uniform standard. Is the United States’ so-called Commission on International Religious Freedom or the offices of the U.S. State Department the one who defines this rule and standard? No.” Dukar Tsering believes that with regards to freedom of religious belief, China should define its own standard. “In terms of Tibetan Buddhism, if religious freedom refers to the theocratic system in Tibet before democratic reforms, then we really cannot go back to that kind of ‘freedom’. The reason why it was necessary to overthrow the feudal serfdom system of theocracy was because at that time, Tibetan people’s right to survival and development was in the hands of monasteries and some religious leaders. There was no social freedom, let alone personal freedom. If the U.S. believes that we should return to that era in order to have religious freedom, then there is nothing to discuss.”

 

 

“Our policy of freedom of religious belief makes sense not only in China, but anywhere in the world,” Dukar Tsering said. “Policies that allow the people to be in charge of their own affairs can maximize the benefits for religious followers, protect normal religious activities, and fulfill the needs of ordinary religious followers.”

 

Dukar Tsering believes that China has confidence in its policies related to freedom of religious belief, for the policies are rooted in several aspects of assurances. The first is legal protection. The system of regional autonomy for ethnic-minorities and policies for freedom of religious belief are enshrined in the Constitution, and these two rights and obligations are guaranteed. In terms of religious policies, “When the Communist Party of China established a revolutionary base, especially during the time of the Long March, all ethnic minority regions were able to formulate and implement policies for the freedom of religious belief, protect normal religious activity, and protect monasteries and monks. These were not just words, but have been done for more than 80 years.” At the same time, because religion is so important to believers, the Chinese government has spent a lot of manpower, material resources, and financial resources on specifically formulating laws and regulations to protect and regulate religious activities, such as the “Regulations on the Administration of Religious Affairs” and the “Methods of Management for the Reincarnation of Tulkus in Tibetan Buddhism”, etc. These rules and regulations conform to legal requirements and to the strategy of governing the country. They have a theoretical basis and are continuously reviewed in practice.